暴雨内涝灾害风险区划与评价外文翻译资料

 2022-12-29 11:53:19

本科毕业设计（论文）

外文翻译

Assessment of flood hazard areas at a regional scale using an index-based approach and Analytical Hierarchy Process: Application in Rhodope–Evros region, Greece

作者：Nerantzis Kazakis, Ioannis Kougias, Thomas Patsialis

国籍：Greece

出处：Science of the Total Environment

原文正文：（小四）

ABSTRACT

The present study introduces a multi-criteria index to assess flood hazard areas in a regional scale. Accordingly, a Flood Hazard Index (FHI) has been defined and a spatial analysis in a GIS environment has been applied for the estimation of its value.

The developed methodology processes information of seven parameters namely flow accumulation, distance from the drainage network, elevation, land use, rainfall intensity and geology. The initials of these criteria gave the name to the developed method: “FIGUSED”. The relative importance of each parameter for the occurrence and severity of flood has been connected to weight values. These values are calculated following an “Analytical Hierarchy Process”, a method originally developed for the solution of Operational Research problems. According to their weight values, information of the different parameters is superimposed, resulting to flood hazard mapping. The accuracy of the method has been supported by a sensitivity analysis that examines a range for the weights values and corresponding to alternative scenarios.

The presented methodology has been applied to an area in north-eastern Greece, where recurring flood events have appeared. Initially FIGUSED method resulted to a Flood Hazard Index (FHI) and a corresponding flood map. A sensitivity analysis on the parameters values revealed some interesting information on the relative importance

of each criterion, presented and commented in the Discussion section. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis concluded to a revised index FHIS (methodology named FIGUSED-S) and flood mapping, supporting the robustness of FIGUSED methodology. A comparison of the outcome with records of historical flood events confirmed that the proposed methodology provides valid results.

1.Introduction

Flood is a major natural hazard with often immeasurable impact, affecting annually 170 million people (Kowalzig, 2008). Therefore, flood risk management needs to overcome national borders, geographic location and socio-economic limitations (Degiorgis et al., 2012). Flood risk management is usually divided into flood risk assessment and flood risk mitigation (Schanze et al., 2006). This distinction takes into account apart from the hazard also its impact, since the total elimination of risk is neither possible nor efficient. Indisputably, strategies against floods impact at a region scale require the identification of prone areas(Tehrany et al., 2013) to provide early warning, facilitate quick response and decrease the impact of possible flood events (Kia et al., 2011).

1.1.Background: literature

The application of GIS-based multi-criteria analysis in the context of flood risk assessment was rare until 2000. Black and Burns (2002) present an overview of changes in the estimation of flood risk on Scottish rivers with time by re-analyzing flood records. An early attempt to use GIS on water-related hazards has been presented in Meja-Navarro et al. (1994). The risk has been estimated for different hazards(debris, flood) on various zones of Glenwood Springs (Colorado),aiming to define land use suitability. In Correia et al. (1999) GIS is recognized as a powerful means to integrate and analyze data from different sources and flood risk mapping was provided for different scenarios of urban growth, simulating the consequences of alternative cases. In Zerger (2002) relative importancewas introduced at the input parameters, underlining the necessity to connect spatial analysis to real-world decision making, thus directing the efforts towards concrete results rather than merely solving technical issues. In Schumann et al. (2000) a GIS-based methodology for rainfall-runoff modeling was developed, while the authors of Liu et al. (2003) incorporated several parameters in their rainfall–runoff model (slope, land use, soil type etc.) in order to estimate the spatial distribution of runoff and the average flow time in river basins. Their aim was to provide insight on river basins hydrological processes and support flood risk management. In Van Der Veen and Logtmeijer (2005) flood vulnerability was linked with important economic activities for specific areas. The analysis combined economic information of 28 sectors with the borderlines of simulated flood events.

In Forte et al. (2005) the authors expanded an earlier work (Liu et al.,2003) and divided a peninsula in southern Italy into prone zones of different flood risk. They super-imposed GIS layers of both geological and hydrological information. They combined information on the location of karstic sinkholes and information of historical flood events. Thematic maps visualizing this information have been supported by geo-lithological, permeability and rainfall maps, producing a flood hazard map. Similarly, the authors of Dewan et al. (2007) developed flood hazard maps on Dhaka river basin in Bangladesh, by processing data of the historical major flood event of 1998 and considering the interactive effect of land cover, elevation and geomorphology. The severe flood events of 2000, 2005 and 2006 in Romania urged the generation of flood risk maps (Aldescu, 2008) to support water management experts and flood mitigation.

Flood hazard zones have been delineated for

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