瑜伽活动中体验营销对顾客满意度的影响研究
摘要:本文从体验营销角度研究在观众观看电视剧后,观众的体验价值是否变化,观众的满意度和体验价值之间的相关性关系,以及体验价值是否成功地起到了体验营销和满意度的中介作用。采用回归分析的方法,对335名有效受访者进行了检验。本研究邀请看过电视剧《黑白》、去过高雄等著名聚会地点、旅游景点、交通枢纽等的游客作为抽样对象。从2009年8月17日至2009年9月12日,每天进行采样。在共发放的412份问卷调查中,删除无效或不完整的问卷调查后,还剩下335份有效样本,占回收率的81.3%。结果表明,游客体验营销与满意度存在部分正相关关系,游客体验营销与体验价值呈部分正相关关系,游客体验价值与满意度呈正相关关系,游客体验价值对体验营销与满意度关系的部分中介作用。
关键词:体验式营销; 体验价值; 满意度;目标营销; 黑白两种
引用文献一:
电视剧对游客体验式营销、体验价值和满意度之间关系的影响研究
原文作者 Chih Yu Wang,Chien Hung Lin
单位Department of International Business Administration, Leader University ,Department of Digital Commerce, Kao Fong College
体验营销的概念由心理学家施密特于 1999 年首次提出,他使用感觉、感觉、思考、行动和关联五种战略体验模型作为营销的战略基础。 这样的概念类似于许多提倡目的地营销的学者所看重的消费者心理意图。 新的营销理念最终应用于目的地营销,成为目的地的体验式营销。 在整个竞争日益激烈的环境下,不仅是企业本身,县市政府也终于感受到了体验式营销的重要概念,开始运用超前的目的地营销策略,展现地方政府的差异化竞争优势。
进入体验经济时代后,无论是企业还是县市政府,其营销目标都在于为消费者创造有价值的体验,甚至是不可替代的体验价值。 Morrison(1996)指出,在旅游服务业中,对特定产品或品牌的情感依恋现象,即所谓的情感消费行为,很容易发生。 短暂的服务过程可以诱发顾客愉悦的情绪感受和反应,从而影响未来的消费行为。 因此,自2000年以来,由年轻偶像主演的电视剧在台湾开始流行。 许多观众在日韩剧的影响下,参观了剧中出现的目的地和景点,这表明通过电视和媒体将目的地成功营销到全世界也将激活目的地开发和旅游机会。
Schmitt(1999)首先将体验营销定义为“个体顾客在直接观察或参与事件后,感受到某种刺激,从而诱发动机并产生认同的思想或消费行为”,并提出传统营销对产品的定义更为狭隘。因此,除了包含传统的营销视角外,还以个体消费者的心理和社会行为理论为基础,综合起来提出体验营销的概念结构。这种结构包括两层:战略体验模块(SEM)和体验提供者(ExPros)。
Schmitt (1999) 声称经验形式包括五个方面:感觉、感觉、思考、行动和联系。这五种体验形式可视为一个战略体验模块。为了符合营销方案的目标和要求,每种形式都可以独立应用或集成在一起。在创建营销项目时,执行中使用的七个体验提供者是一个重要的战略执行组合,包括沟通、语言标识和标牌、产品存在、联合品牌、空间环境、网站和环境、人。外文文献出处:Chi Yu Wang,Chien Hung Lin,A Study of The Effect of TV Drama on Relationships among Touristsrsquo; Experiential Marketing, Experiential Value and Satisfaction[J].International Journal of Organizational Innovation,Winter 2010(2):107-123.
附外文文献原文
A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TV DRAMA ON RELATIONSHIPS
AMONG TOURISTSrsquo; EXPERIENTIAL MARKETING,
EXPERIENTIAL VALUE AND SATISFACTION
Keywords: Experiential Marketing, Experiential Value, Satisfaction, Destination Marketing,
Black and White.
The concept of experiential marketing was first introduced in 1999 by Schmitt, a psychologist, who used five strategic experiential models, consisting of sense, feel, think, act and relate, as strategic basis of marketing. Such concept is similar to consumersrsquo; psychological intention valued by many scholars that promote destination marketing. The new marketing concept is eventually used in destination marketing and become the destinationrsquo;s experiential marketing. Under the whole increasingly competitive environment, not only business themselves, but also county and city governments have eventually sensed the important concept of experiential marketing, starting to apply advance destination marketing strategy to present competitive advantage of local governments that differentiate them from others.
After entering the age of experiential economy, regardless of business or county and city governments, their marketing objectives are all in the creation of a valuable experience, or even an irreplaceable experiential value for the consumers. Morrison (1996) pointed out that in tourist service industry the phenomena of emotional attachment to a specific product or brand, the socalled emotional consuming behavior, occur easily. A short service process can induce customersrsquo; pleasurable emotional feeling and response, thus affecting future consuming behavior. Therefore, since the year 2000 TV drama series stared by young idols have gained popularity in Taiwan. Many viewers, under the influence of Japanese and Korean drama, visit destinations and sites shown in the drama, showing that the successful marketing of destinations to the entire world via television and media also would activate destination development and tourism opportunities.
Schmitt (1999) first defined experiential marketing as “individual customer, after direct observation or participation of event, feels certain stimulus that induces motives and generate identified thoughts or consuming behavior” and proposed that the definition on products by conventional marketing is more constricted. Thus, in addition to include conventional marketing perspective, individual consumerrsquo;s psychology and social behavior theory as basis are used as basis to be integrated to propose the conceptual structure of experiential marketing. Such structure includes two layers: Strategic Experiential Modules (SEMs) and Experiential Providers (ExPros).
Schmitt (1999) claimed that experiential forms consist of five aspects: sense, feel, think, act and relate. The five experiential forms can be deemed as one strategic experiential module. To comply with objective and quest of marketing proposal, every form can be applied independently or integrated together. Upon creating marketing projects, the seven experiential providers used in execution is an important strategic executing combination, include communication, verbal identity and signage, product presence, co-branding, spatial environment, web site and environment, people.
引用文献二:
欢迎来到体验经济
原文作者 B. Joseph Pine Ⅱ, James H. Gilmore.
五个设计原则:
- 主题体验
- 用积极的线索来协调印象
- 消除负面线索
- 混合在纪念品里
- 使用所有五种感官
使用这五个设计原则并不能保证成功;没有人废除了供需规律。 未能提供始终如一的引人入胜体验、相对于感知价值高估其体验或过度建设其展示能力的公司当然会面临需求、定价或两者兼而有之的压力。儿童生日派对巡回赛的中坚力量之一,探索区 ,由于体验分期不一致、游戏维护不善以及很少考虑成年人所获得的体验,他们已经度过了艰难的几年,毕竟他们是为活动付费的。 最近,雨林咖啡馆和好莱坞星球因为未能刷新体验而遇到麻烦。 客人发现与一次访问没有什么不同。 另一方面,迪斯尼通过频繁增加新景点甚至整个公园(例如 1998 年春天开放的动物王国)来避免陈旧。
随着体验经济的发展,会有不少体验者退出这个行业。 例如,很难想象今天经营的数十家主题餐厅中的每一家都将持续到千年。 回想一下,曾经在密歇根州东部有超过 roo 汽车制造商,在密歇根州西部有 40 多家谷物制造商。 现在只剩下底特律的三大汽车制造商和巴特尔克里克的家乐氏公司。 工业经济和服务经济的增长伴随着产品和服务的激增,这些产品和服务在富有想象力的设计师和营销人员发明和开发它们之前并不存在。 这也是体验经济将如何发展的方式:通过经济学家约瑟夫·熊彼特(Joseph Schumpeter)所称的“创造性破坏的狂风”——即商业创新,它有可能使那些将自己归入日益减少的商品和服务世界的人变得无关紧要。外文文献出处:Welcome to the Experience Economy. B. Joseph Pine Ⅱ, James H. Gilmore. Harvard Business . 1998
附外文文献原文
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