中国普惠金融的区域发展需要金融科技外文翻译资料

附录B 外文原文

Regional Development of Chinarsquo;s Inclusive Finance Through Financial Technology

Abstract

Financial technology, commonly used the term as FinTech, is a key emerging driver of inclusive finance. This is also one of the emerging issues of finance as well as financial research. This research is done with the purpose of showing the present status of Chinarsquo;s FinTech in inclusive finance development. In addition, the study raises regional disparity and critical issues related to the inclusive development. A secondary data analysis methods are systematically carried out to demonstrate the present situation of internet finance in the development of inclusive finance in China, as well as the developing status of different provinces through internet finance. The ultimate finding of this research is that, despite significant development in Chinarsquo;s financial system, there is still a development inequality between the most and least developed regions. This study also identifies some important issues that should be taken care of by the policy makers. This research is done from authentic data also sources with appropriate explanations, which help the readers, academicians, researchers, and others to get comprehensive understanding of Chinarsquo;s FinTech and its influence on inclusive development.

Key words: Internet finance, FinTech, inclusive finance, financial inclusion, Chinese economy, mobile payment, inclusive development

Introduction

It is important to reduce the financial crisis, improve the financial equity, reduce financial exclusion, and build a sustainable inclusive finance to develop the economy of a country (Gomber et al., 2018a; Salampasis amp; Mention, 2018; Zhou et al., 2018). It is also essential to reduce the economic disparity between the rich and the poor. In this context, inclusive finance plays crucial roles in stimulating economic expansion. All core financial forces need be developed to achieve the sustainability of the financial system. This means that both rural finance and urban finance need to be developed on an equal footing (Anagnostopoulos, 2018; Ding et al., 2018). In addition to the development of the urban economy, a well-developed inclusive finance is one of the most critical issues in balancing economic and financial development (Fan, 2018; Zhou et al., 2018). Also, the developed inclusive finance can increase gross domestic product (GDP) and maximize the countryrsquo;s long-term social welfare (Hao, 2017). However, the development of inclusive finance has come with different success factors that differ from country to country, and is seen as a broader factor in national and global development. That is why different international organizations, including the World Bank Group (WBG), the Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI), and the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI), are helping to develop the inclusive finance in different ways. In this prospect, internet finance is regarded to be one of the most influential tools in the development of inclusive finance. In a few years, Chinarsquo;s inclusive finance has changed rapidly and they are regarded as to be the global FinTech leader of the world. Even though the revolutionary change started since 2004, the massive development occurred after 2013. By developing the rural economy, it is growing day by day. It also contributes to the sustainability and strength of Chinarsquo;s economy. Economic development is well linked to inclusive finance (Long, 2016; Mitra amp; Das, 2018; Zhou et al., 2015, 2018), and inclusive finance is deeply connected to inclusive growth (Siddik amp; Kabiraj, 2020). Therefore, inclusive growth plays important roles in developing the economy. More specifically, Chinarsquo;s inclusive finance is one of the most prominent examples in the last two decades. Chinarsquo;s rapid growth of FinTech significantly influences its development of inclusive finance. All over the countryside, people use Fintech, which creates massive opportunity to financial access to rural people. It has been working as strong helping hand as their inclusive development. Easy access of financial products and services makes the rural life much easier than the earlier days. People from countryside easily start their business, develop family business, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and involve in rural investment. These lead Chinarsquo;s inclusive finance toward a stable rural development. As the economic development and financial inclusion are directly related, most of the studies are focused on the individual factors of financial inclusion. Few studies have addressed the FinTech or internet finance context in the development of inclusive finance; specifically, emphasizing the inclusive development through FinTech is very rare. Even a small number of researches illustrated the inclusive developing status of all provinces of China. Researchers have found this research gap. After exploring the research gap and the literature of FinTech elements on both the development of inclusive finance and the rural development, the subsequent stages of the development of Chinarsquo;s inclusive finance and rural development through FinTech are presented in this research. The view of different authors, researcher, fellows, and others has been gathered and considered here to accomplish the research objectives. This research aims to provide an essential discussion from the understanding of FinTech and inclusive finance. However, after studying the related literature of this research, specific objectives are specified. The objectives are to identify the present circumstances of related forces of FinTech in inclusive finance (Objective 1), to illustrate the dispersion of regional inclusi

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附录A 译文

中国普惠金融的区域发展需要金融科技

摘 要

金融科技，通常被记为FinTech，是普惠金融发展的一个关键新兴驱动力，这也是金融领域做金融研究的新兴问题之一。本研究旨在展示当今中国金融科技在普惠金融发展中的现状，并提出了与普惠金融相关的区域差异和关键问题。通过二次数据分析方法，系统地展示了互联网金融在我国普惠金融发展中的现状，以及不同省份通过互联网金融发展的现状。本文最终的研究发现，尽管中国的金融体系取得了长足的发展，但是最发达地区和最不发达地区之间仍然存在发展不平等，此外，本次研究还确定了一些政策制定者所应当注意的重要问题。本研究来源于真实数据，并有适当的解释，有助于读者、院士、研究人员及其他人员全面了解中国金融科技及其对普惠发展的影响。

关键词：互联网金融、金融科技、普惠金融、金融包容性、中国经济、移动支付、普惠发展

1. 介绍

减少金融危机，改善金融公平，减少金融排斥，以及构建可持续的普惠金融对发展国家的经济具有重要意义（Gomber et al., 2018a; Salampasis amp; Mention, 2018; Zhou et al., 2018），缩小贫富之间的经济差距也很重要。在此背景下，普惠金融在刺激经济扩张中发挥着至关重要的作用。实现金融体系的可持续性就需要发展所有核心金融力量，这就意味着，农村金融和城市金融都需要在平等的基础上发展（Anagnostopoulos, 2018; Ding et al., 2018）。除了城市经济的发展，良好发达的普惠金融是平衡经济和金融发展的最关键问题之一（Fan, 2018; Zhou et al., 2018）。此外，发达的普惠金融可以增加国内生产总值（GDP）并且最大限度地提高国家的长期社会福利（Hao, 2017）。然而，普惠金融的发展伴随着不同的成功因素且因国家而异，被视为国家和全球发展的更广泛因素。这就是为什么不同的国际组织，包括世界银行集团（WBG），普惠金融联盟（AFI）和全球普惠金融伙伴关系（GPFI）正在以不同方式帮助发展普惠金融。在这一前景下，互联网金融被认为是普惠金融发展中最具影响力的工具之一。在短短几年中，中国的普惠金融风云变幻，被视为全球金融科技的领头羊。尽管革命性的变革是从2004年开始的，但却是在2013年之后发生了巨大的发展。通过对于农村经济的发展，农村经济正在日益增长，这将有助于中国经济的可持续性和实力。经济的发展与普惠金融密切相关（Long, 2016; Mitra amp; Das, 2018; Zhou et al., 2015, 2018），而普惠金融与普惠增长密切相关（Siddik amp; Kabiraj, 2020），因此，普惠增长在经济发展中发挥着重要作用。更确切地说，中国的普惠金融在过去二十年里是最突出的例子之一。中国金融科技的快速发展对其普惠金融的发展产生了重要影响。在整个农村，人们都在使用金融科技，这为农村人民提供金融服务创造了巨大的机会，与他们的普惠发展一样，金融科技一直在发挥着强大的帮助作用。便捷的金融产品和服务让农村生活比以前更加轻松。农村人容易创业，发展家族企业、中小企业（SMEs）以及参与农村投资，这些都引领着中国的普惠金融走向稳定的农村发展。由于经济发展与普惠金融直接相关，因此大多数的研究都集中在普惠金融的个体因素上，仅少数会涉及到金融科技或互联网金融在普惠金融发展中的背景。换言之，即便有少量研究阐明了中国各省份的普惠发展状况，强调普惠金融的发展需要金融科技的研究也还是非常罕见，研究人员们也发现了这一研究空缺。在探讨了金融科技要素在普惠金融发展和农村发展方面的研究空缺和文献后，本研究介绍了中国普惠金融和农村发展的后续阶段，也在这里收集并考虑了不同作者，研究人员，前辈以及其他相关人员的观点，以期实现研究目标。本研究旨在从对金融科技和普惠金融的理解中提供一个重要的讨论观点，在学习了相关文献后明确了具体目标。具体目标有：识别普惠金融中金融科技相关力量的现状（目标1）；通过金融科技说明各省区域普惠发展的分散性（目标2）；找出通过金融科技发展普惠金融中存在的关键问题（目标3）。这三个目标都将在本文中依次完成。关于“目标1”的相关讨论将在“金融科技和普惠金融的现状”部分展示，“目标2”将在“按地区划分的发展状况”部分列示，最后，在两个发现部分都引入了“目标3”，并带有关键问题的注释。总而言之，在这些研究中总共确定了八个关键问题。

2. 文献综述

以往的大多数研究都集中在互联网金融，金融科技和普惠金融，其中，大多数的研究人员强调线上支付系统是普惠金融发展中最具影响力的力量之一，而中国的网上购物市场也是农村发展的重要组成部分。基于上述这些研究，表1展示了对文献的全面概述，该概述包括了本研究的内容、作者信息、历史研究发现、这些研究的缺点或挑战以及未来的研究方向等。

表1 本研究关键层面的综合概述

3. 研究方法

我们根据Guo et al. (2016), Huang et al. (2016), J. Wang et al. (2016), Long (2016), Lee、Shin (2018), 和Xie et al. (2016) 等人的一些研究进行了本次的研究。此外，还基于Zhou et al. (2018) 和 Tam、Hanh (2018) 的文献分析了许多与普惠金融和金融科技相关的研究。无论如何，互联网金融都与中国现有的金融机构如银行、保险、证券和投资公司相关联，并且提供了创新的金融解决方案（Hung amp; Luo, 2016; Thompson, 2017）。在此情景中，本文从不同的角度分

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