实现符合重复任务不明模式下的实用日历系统外文翻译资料

 2022-12-19 17:43:11

Implementation of a Practical Calendaring System Conforming with Ambiguous Pattern of Recurring Tasks

Yoshinari Nomura, Syunsuke Mihara, and Hideo Taniguchi Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University

Okayama, Japan

e-mail: nom@cs.okayama-u.ac.jp

Abstract—We proposed a model that is capable of handling the patterns of ambiguous recurring tasks. If we can grasp the pattern, it would be useful for prediction of the tasks which might happen in the future, and also be the hint on handing them over to co-workers. To utilize our model, we have developed a concrete method for manipulation or visualization of the modeled data. This method is useful to build a nifty user interface to the calendaring systems. This paper shows an implementation of calendaring system conforming with ambiguous recurring tasks. First of all, we recall our model. Next, we propose some basic operations for the modeled data; EDIT, READ, and INHERIT. Finally, we describe the implementation of the method as an interface to our calendaring system.

Keywords-calendar system; task management;

  1. INTRODUCTION

In a typical office, there are many recurring tasks, which each have their own natural frequencies of recurrence. These frequencies may change due to external events. For example, an office may have a regular meeting that occurs approxi- mately every two weeks; however, the exact date of the next meeting would easily change due to conflicts with the tight schedule of the boss. Another example would be the annual year-end party that occurs every December. However, unlike a birthday, there is no fixed day in December for this party. Therefore, the natural frequencies of the recurring events are of fluctuation. In addition, one recurring task could depend on other related tasks, which creates a cascading series of event streams.

If the pattern of the recurrences and the relationships between the tasks can be determined, it would be useful for the prediction of tasks that might happen in the future, and also be the hint for handing them over to coworkers.

Over last few years, several research activities have fo- cused on extracting information from calendaring systems or the operational history of computers[1], [2]. Although these systems are able to track the userrsquo;s activities, their relational models behind the systems are too complicated compared with actual implementations of calendaring systems such as Google Calendar[3]. Consequently, these systems are incom- patible with the currently available calendaring systems and hard to use for casual users.

Therefore, we have proposed a new calendaring data model that is able to handle these changes in the recurrence of tasks, as well as giving the relationships between tasks[4]. Three terms, Task, Mission, and Job, have been defined to describe the relationships between the tasks. However, we have not yet shown any way to help users to organize their existing calendar articles or concrete implementation based on our model. We need a good user interface to show users the things such as relationships between the tasks as well as frequencies of the recurring tasks.

This paper shows an implementation of calendaring sys- tem conforming with ambiguous recurring tasks. First of all, we recall our model. Next, we propose some basic operations for the modeled data; EDIT, READ, and INHERIT. Finally, we describe the implementation of the method as an interface to our calendaring system.

  1. REGULARITY OF TASK OCCURRENCE
  2. Categorizing Task Occurrence Pattern

When we make a future plan of our work, we can predict or forecast the upcoming tasks, because we know that fair amount of our tasks are to be occurred as were occurred in the last year/month repeatedly.

In addition, we know we have many dependent tasks; for example, there will be a series of regular meetings with the office staff for which various auxiliary tasks need to be completed, for example, Announcement, Setting up Room, and Sending Minutes tasks. These related tasks are approxi- mately on the same time grid with other corresponding tasks. This type of regularity is called a Task Occurrence Pattern, which arises from the repetition of tasks and the

alignment of related tasks[4].

To confirm how much the real tasks are on the Task Occurrence Pattern, all tasks of a year of a user, who is a graduate student, are gathered and inspected from the view point of dependence and recurrence.

Table I shows the following facts:

    1. About 60% of tasks were predictable with approximate timeline from their related tasks.
    2. Almost all tasks have the nature of recurrence.

978-0-7695-4652-0/12 $26.00 copy; 2012 IEEE DOI 10.1109/WAINA.2012.119

1011

Table I

RESULT OF CATEGORIZING TASKS OF ONE YEAR

Task categories

# of tasks

  1. It has related tasks
    1. These related tasks were predictable
      1. with timeline
  2. It is a recurrence task
    1. with fixed frequency
    2. with ambiguous frequency

269

254

183 (59.4%)

300

90 (29.2%)

193 (62.6%)

Total

308

    1. Tasks with fixed frequencies, which the conventional calendaring systems are able to deal with, shares about 30% of tasks.
    2. Tasks with ambiguous frequencies shares about 60% of tasks.

According to this result, our Task Occurrence Pattern appears to fit the real worldrsquo;s task occurrence patte

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实现符合重复任务不明模式下的实用日历系统

Yoshinari NomuraSyunsuke MiharaHideo Taniguchi

摘要:我们提出了一种能够处理带有模糊、重复任务模式的模型。如果我们能够理解这种模型,那么它将有助于预测未来可能发生的任务,也可能是将它们交给同事的提示。为了使用我们的模型,我们开发了一种用于操纵或可视化建模数据的具体方法。此方法可用于为日历系统构建一个漂亮的用户界面。本文展示了符合模糊重复任务的日历系统的实现。首先,我们回顾一下我们的模型。接下来,我们提出了一些数据建模的基本操作,如:编辑,查看,和继承。最后,我们将该方法的实现描述为我们的日历系统的接口。

1.引言

在典型的办公(环境)中,有许多重复的任务,每个任务都有其固有的固有重复发生的频率。这些频率可能会因外部因素而发生变化。例如,办公室可能会定期召开会议,大约每两周举行一次; 然而,由于与老板的紧张日程发生冲突,下次会议的确切日期很容易发生变化。另一个例子是每年12月举行的年度年终派对。然而,与生日不同的是,这个派对在12月没有固定的日子。因此,这些重复事件的固有频率是波动的。此外,一个重复的任务可能依赖于其他相关任务,这会创建一系列级联的事件流。

如果可以确定重现的模式和任务之间的关系,那么它对于预测将来可能发生的任务将是有用的,并且也是将它们交给同事的提示。

在过去几年中,一些研究活动的重点是从日历系统中提取信息或计算机的操作日志[1],[2]。虽然这些系统能够跟踪用户的活动,但与Google Calendar [3]等日历系统的实际实现相比,系统背后的关系模型过于复杂。因此,这些系统与当前可用的日历系统不兼容,并且对于临时用户来说,这些系统很难使用。

因此,我们提出了一种新的日历数据模型,它能够处理任务重现的这些变化,以及给出任务之间的关系[4]。已经定义了三个术语,任务,传达任务和作业来描述任务之间的关系。但是,我们尚未展示任何方法来帮助用户根据我们的模型组织他们现有的日历文章或具体实现。我们需要一个良好的用户界面来向用户显示诸如任务之间的关系以及重复任务的频率之类的事情。

本文展示了符合模糊重复任务的日历系统的实现。首先,我们回顾一下我们的模型。接下来,我们为建模数据提出一些基本操作; 编辑,阅读和继承。最后,我们将该方法的实现描述为我们的日历系统的接口。

2.任务发生的规律性

2.1分类任务发生模式

当我们制定未来的工作计划时,我们可以预测即将发生的任务,因为我们知道我们的相当多的任务将会发生,因为这些任务在过去一年或者一个月内反复发生。

另外,我们知道我们有许多级联任务; 例如,将与办公室同事进行一系列定期会议,这些会议需要完成各种辅助任务,例如,公告,设置房间和发送会议记录任务。这些相关任务与其他相应任务大致在同一时间网格线上。

这种规律性称为任务发生模式,它源于任务的重复和相关任务的基准[4]。

为了确定任务发生模式中实际任务的数量,从依赖性和重复性的角度收集和检查一个研究生用户一年中的所有任务。

表I显示了以下事实:

  1. 大约60%的任务是可预测的,他们具有相关任务的大致时间线。
  2. 几乎所有任务都具有重现的性质。
  3. 具有固定频率的任务(传统的日历系统能够处理)占大约30%的任务比重。
  4. 频率模糊的任务占了大约60%的任务比重。

表I对一年的任务进行分类的结果

任务类别

任务数

(1)有关联的任务

269

(A)这些可以预测到的相关的任务

254

(a)带有时间线的任务

183(59.4%)

(2)它是一个重复的任务

300

(A)有固定的发生频率

90(29.2%)

(B)有模糊的发生频率

193(62.6%)

总计

308

根据这个结果,我们的任务发生模式似乎适合现实世界的任务发生模式。因此,提供一些用户界面来显示或操纵的模型将是有用的。

2.2常规日历系统

术语Task被定义为一个任务的基本单元。每个任务:

  1. 有一个开始时间和一个结束时间。
  2. 是开始时间和结束时间之间的连续事件。
  3. 具有由开始时间确定的顺序关系。

因此,一组任务是具有有序关系的集合,并且受时间限制。换句话说,现有流行日历系统的共同功能是显示或操纵任务集。然而,这些系统缺乏使用模糊固有频率或任务之间的关系的方法。

2.3要求

为了处理任务发生的规律性,需要考虑两个额外要求:

  1. 数据模型与流行日历系统的高度亲和性,传统日历系统(例如谷歌日历)采用的任务数据模型太简单,无法处理提出的重复任务概念。但是,不应该建立一个全新的模型。如果可以通过对传统模型添加一些最小修改来设计新模型,那么它将被当前系统采用。
  2. 在现实生活中忽视歧义,任务的复发有些含糊不清。几乎每项任务都有自己的重复频率,但这可能并不准确。可以更改任务之间的顺序关系。此外,单个大型任务可以分为两个任务,用于下一次迭代。因此,数据模型应该忽视歧义。

2.4描述重复任务的问题

Intertask关系的表达式:为了表示任务间关系,可以使用箭头图或流程图,也就是说,这些模型基于表示依赖关系和顺序关系的有向图的形式。但是,这些基于图形的模型存在以下问题:

  1. 它们对于人们来说太复杂了,因为人们很难独立地创建图形,所以计算机系统应该从现有的任务集中提取图形。但是,系统提取并不像预期的那样完美。这样的提取错误不仅对用户有害,而且会对用户造成困扰,因为用户非常了解任务之间的固有关系。
  2. 与传统日历系统的数据模型相比,由于数据模型与流行的日历系统的低亲和力,所以这些基于图的数据模型不太可能被采用。

固有频率的表达式:传统的日历系统能够设置具有固定频率的重复任务。但是,这种格式无法描述各种固有(任务)的模糊性:

  1. 模糊频率当前现有系统只能处理固定频率的任务。
  2. 每次重复之间的细节差异每次重复都没有相同的细节。例如,可以针对每次重复更改时间跨度,位置或描述。

出于这些原因,应通过

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