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1.4 Marine boiler (40 hours) 1) Steam boiler fuel atomization and combustion (12 hours) – states that the elements carbon and hydrogen combine chemically with oxygen during combustion to form the gaseous products carbon dioxide and water vapour – explains the part played by nitrogen in the combustion process – states that, to ensure that the combustion process is as compete as possible, excess air is normally supplied – states that the excess of air must be kept to a minimum, consistent with good combustion – states that either the percentage of carbon dioxide or the percentage of oxygen in the exhaust gas should be continuously recorded – states that although excess air is supplied, there may be some incomplete combustion of carbon to carbon monoxide (CO) |
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OFFICER In CHARGE OF An EnGInEERInG WATCH
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COMPETENCE 1.4 |
Operate Main and Auxiliary Machinery and Associated Control Systems |
IMO Reference |
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– states that in practice the products of combustion are normally a gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, water-vapour, possibly carbon monoxide and an ash, possibly containing sodium and vanadium – states that poor combustion creates smoke, which pollutes the atmosphere and wastes fuel and reduces the efficiency of the engine or boiler – states that the production of smoke may lead to prosecution – explains why the proportion of CO or O in exhaust gases provides an 2 2 indication of combustion efficiency – describes briefly the instruments available to indicate and record the percentage of CO and O in exhaust gas 2 2 – states the ranges of percentages of CO which indicate: 2 – good combustion – poor combustion – bad combustion – explains the importance of atomization when it is required to mix a liquid fuel with air prior to combustion – explains why the viscosity of a fuel is important in its atomization – describes how the viscosity of a liquid fuel can be controlled by varying its temperature – states the theoretical air/fuel ratio for a typical boiler fuel – states the actual air/fuel ratio, allowing for normal excess air, in: – the furnace of a steam boiler – the cylinder of a diesel engine – states that if sulphur dioxide contacts a low-temperature surface, sulphuric acid will be produced, which will cause corrosion – explains how the effect of the above objective can be minimized – sketches a section through the nozzle assembly of a pressure-jet burner – states that in the above objective atomization is produced by the fuel, at high pressure, passing through a small orifice in the burner nozzle – describes the attention required by burner atomizer tips – describes, with a single line diagram, a combustion air register, identifying: – swirl vanes – the flame stabilizer – air-flow control valves – the burner – states typical values of the pressure drop and of the velocity of combustion air in the register – explains why the thorough and rapid mixing of atomized fuel and combustion air is important – describes furnace conditions which indicate good combustion – describes, with the aid of sketches, how pressure-jet, steam-jet and rotary-cup burners atomize fuel and promote adequate fuel/air mix ratio 2) Marine boiler fundamentals (8 hours) – describes, with the aid of diagrams, an auxiliary boiler steam system together with identifying the services supplied by steam |
R1 |
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FUnCTIOn 1 – PART C1: DETAILED TEACHInG sYLLABUs
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COMPETENCE 1.4 |
Operate Main and Auxiliary Machinery and Associated Control Systems |
IMO Reference |
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– states typical pressures of steam produced in auxiliary boilers and average system supply pressures – states that auxiliary steam boilers range from simple fire-tube boilers to self- contained fully automated package units – explains simply and briefly, with the aid of diagrams, the principal differences between a fire-tube boiler, a water-tube boiler and a packaged boiler 3) Marine boiler construction (10 hours) – describes the material commonly used for construction in a fire-tube boiler – describes, with the aid of sketches, the general constructional details of a fire- tube boiler, showing how the parts are connected to form a complete structure – states that, for pressure vessels: – shells of cylindrical form give a higher strength/weight ratio than other shapes – the cylindrical shell can be sited vertically or horizontally – dished or spherical end-plates give a higher strength than flat end-plates of similar thickness – all flat surfaces must be properly stayed to resist deformation – stays can have the form of solid bars, thick tubes or plate girders – corrugated furnaces provide higher strength and flexibility than plain furnaces of similar thickness – states why boiler is usually installed on board diesel engine ships – explains and outlines a boiler system listing associated systems including their components – explains the relationship between a boiler and exhaust gas economizer – explains ignition system including the function of burner control – explains feed water system including the function of feed water control – explains stea 剩余内容已隐藏，支付完成后下载完整资料 1.4 Marine boiler (40 hours) 1) Steam boiler fuel atomization and combustion (12 hours) – states that the elements carbon and hydrogen combine chemically with oxygen during combustion to form the gaseous products carbon dioxide and water vapour – explains the part played by nitrogen in the combustion process – states that, to ensure that the combustion process is as compete as possible,excess air is normally supplied – states that the excess of air must be kept to a minimum, consistent with good combustion – states that either the percentage of carbon dioxide or the percentage of oxygen in the exhaust gas should be continuously recorded – states that although excess air is supplied, there may be some incomplete combustion of carbon to carbon monoxide (CO) – states that in practice the products of combustion are normally a gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, water-vapour, possibly carbon monoxide and an ash, possibly containing sodium and vanadium
1.4船用锅炉 1） 蒸汽锅炉燃料雾化及燃烧 — 陈述碳和氢元素的化学组合在氧气中燃烧形成二氧化碳以及水蒸气为产物
—说明氮在燃烧过程中的作用 —说明在燃烧过程中，为了确保燃烧尽可能充分，空气一般过量提供 —说明过量空气必须保持在一个最小的限度来迎合最合适的燃烧 —说明在废气中二氧化碳以及氧气的百分比成分都应该被持续的记录 —说明尽管提供了过量空气，依然存在碳不完全燃焼而形成了一氧化碳 —说明在惯例中燃烧产物通常二氧化碳，二氧化硫，水蒸气，可能存在的一氧化碳的混合气体及灰烬，可能存在钠和钒 – states that poor combustion creates smoke, which pollutes the atmosphere and wastes fuel and reduces the efficiency of the engine or boiler – states that the production of smoke may lead to prosecution – explains why the proportion of CO or O in exhaust gases provides an 2 2 indication of combustion efficiency – describes briefly the instruments available to indicate and record the percentage of CO and O in exhaust gas 2 2 – states the ranges of percentages of CO which indicate: 2 –good combustion –poor combustion –bad combustion – explains the importance of atomization when it is required to mix a liquid fuel with air prior to combustion – explains why the viscosity of a fuel is important in its atomization – describes how the viscosity of a liquid fuel can be controlled by varying its temperature – states the theoretical air/fuel ratio for a typical boiler fuel – states the actual air/fuel ratio, allowing for normal excess air, in: – the furnace of a steam boiler – the cylinder of a diesel engine – states that if sulphur dioxide contacts a low-temperature surface, sulphuric acid will be —说明不良好的燃烧产生烟雾会污染大气，浪费燃料以及降低主机和锅炉的效率 —说明产生的烟雾可能会导致被起诉 —说明为什么氧气及二氧化碳在废气中的比例会是内燃机效率的一个指示 —简要的描述能指示记录在废气中氧气及二氧化碳的比例的仪器 —说明指示的二氧化碳的含量的幅度 —良好的燃烧 —不良的燃烧 —恶劣的燃烧 —说明在需要混合液体燃料在空气之前燃烧时雾化的重要性 —说明为什么在雾化中燃料粘度的重要性 —说明液体燃料能够改变温度而改变其粘度 —说明典型的理论上的空气及燃料的比例 —说明实际中的空气燃料比例，在如下的设备中通常允许过量空气哦 —蒸汽锅炉的炉膛 —主机的气缸 —说明如果二氧化硫接触到温度低的表面会产生硫酸会引起腐蚀
produced,which will cause corrosion – explains how the effect of the above objective can be minimized – sketches a section through the nozzle assembly of a pressure-jet burner – states that in the above objective atomization is produced by the fuel, at high pressure, passing through a small orifice in the burner nozzle – describes the attention required by burner atomizer tips – describes, with a single line diagram, a combustion air register, identifying: –swirl vanes –the flame stabilizer –air-flow control valves –the burner – states typical values of the pressure drop and of the velocity of combustion air in the register – explains why the thorough and rapid mixing of atomized fuel and combustion air is important – describes furnace conditions which indicate good combustion – describes, with the aid of sketches, how pressure-jet, steam-jet and rotary-cup burners atomize fuel and promote adequate fuel/air mix ratio
—说明如何使上述的影响降到最低 —用示意图画出压力燃料注射器中喷嘴组装剖视图 —说明在上述中，已经雾化的燃料是在高压下经过燃烧器喷嘴的一个小孔 —描述在使用燃烧器雾化器时需要注意点 —描述一个单线图助燃调节器的识别包括 —斜向叶片 —挡风罩 —气流控制阀 —燃烧器 —说明在记录中压力下降及燃烧空气的速度的平均值 —说明为什么彻底的快速的混合雾化燃料及燃烧空气是很重要的 —描述说明良好燃烧时炉膛的状况 —借助草图说明压力喷雾式、重力滴下式、旋转喷嘴式燃烧器燃油雾化和提高空燃比的方法 2 Marine boiler fundamentals (8 hours) – describes, with the aid of diagrams, an auxiliary boiler steam system together with identifying the services supplied by steam – states typical pressures of steam produced in auxiliary boilers and average system supply pressures – states that auxiliary steam boilers range from simple fire-tube boilers to self- contained fully automated package units – explains simply and briefly, with the aid of diagrams, the principal differences between a fire-tube boiler, a water-tube boiler and a packaged boiler 3) Marine boiler construction (10 hours) – describes the material commonly used for construction in a fire-tube boiler – describes, with the aid of sketches, the general constructional details of a fire- tube boiler, showing how the parts are connected to form a complete structure – states that, for pressure vessels: – shells of cylindrical form give a higher strength/weight ratio than other shapes – the cylindrical shell can be sited vertically or horizontally – dished or spherical end-plates give a higher strength than flat end-plates of
2 船用锅炉基础 剩余内容已隐藏，支付完成后下载完整资料 资料编号：[147075]，资料为PDF文档或Word文档，PDF文档可免费转换为Word |
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